HILKIAH

HILKIAH
HILKIAH (Heb. חִלְקִיָּהוּ ,חִלְקִיָּה; "the Lord is my portion"; e.g., Num. 18:20; Ps. 73:26), son of Shallum or Meshullam (I Chron. 5:28–41, 9:10–11; Neh. 11:11), high priest at the time of King josiah of Judah and a principal promoter of Josiah's reform. When arranging for the repair of the Temple, in the 18th year of Josiah, Hilkiah found the Scroll of the Law (see deuteronomy ), which he gave to Shaphan the scribe, who read it to the king. Much impressed by what he heard, Josiah sent a delegation, headed by Hilkiah, to the prophetess huldah in order to inquire of the Lord's will about the words of the Law (II Kings 22:3–20). On Josiah's orders he removed all the appurtenances of pagan worship that had been introduced into the Temple by King manasseh (II Kings 23:8). According to the defective genealogy in Ezra 7:1, which can be restored with the help of I Chronicles 5:28–41, this Hilkiah was an ancestor of Ezra. Hilkiah is also the name of several other biblical characters: (1) the father of Eliakim, palace official of hezekiah (II Kings 18:18, 26, 37; Isa. 22:20; 36:3, 22); (2) a levite, son of Amzi and descendant of Merari (I Chron. 6:30 (45); (3) another levite, son of Hosah (I Chron. 26:11); (4) the father of the prophet Jeremiah (Jer. 1:1); (5) the father of Gemariah (Jer. 29:3), probably identical with the high priest at the time of Josiah; (6) one of the priests who returned with Zerubbabel (Neh. 12:7, 21); (7) one of those who stood beside Ezra during the reading of the Law (Neh. 8:11). -BIBLIOGRAPHY: A. Cowley, Aramaic Papyri of the 5th Century B.C. (1923), 157; S. Yeivin, in: Tarbiz, 12 (1940/41), 258; D. Diringer, Le inscrizioni antico-ebraiche palestine (1934), 204–10; idem, in: PEQ (1941), 102; S. Moscati, Epigrafia ebraica antica (1951), 62; M. Noth, Geschichte Israels, 1 (1950), 164; EM, 3 (1965), 161–2. ADD. BIBLIOGRAPHY: R. Uitti, in: ABD, 3:200–1.

Encyclopedia Judaica. 1971.

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